Current status and prospects of neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic cancer / 中华外科杂志

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor. About 75% of patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent radical surgical resection will still experience postoperative recurrence. Neoadjuvant therapy could improve outcomes in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer,has become a consensus;however it is still controversial in resectable pancreatic cancer. Limited high-quality randomized controlled trial studies support the routine initiation of neoadjuvant therapy in resectable pancreatic cancer. With the development of new technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, liquid biopsy, imaging omics, and organoids, patients are expected to benefit from the precision screening of potential candidates for neoadjuvant therapy and individualized treatment strategy.

Changes of cytokines IL-4 and IFN-γ of serum in patients with chronic insomnia and mild cognitive impairment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of serum cytokine IL-4 and IFN- γ levels in patients with chronic insomnia with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to further explore the relationship between cognitive function and IL-4 and IFN-γ in patients with chronic insomnia.Methods:Sixty-two patients with chronic insomnia were divided into MCI group( n=30) and non-MCI group( n=32) according to the scores of Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA), mini-mental state examination(MMSE) score and chief complaint of cognitive decline. Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI), Hamilton depression scale(HAMD 24) and Hamilton anxiety scale 14 item(HAMA 14) were evaluated. Serum IL-4 and IFN-γ were detected by flow fluorescence, correlation analysis and regression analysis were carried out. Results:The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in MCI group were significantly lower than those in non-MCI group (IL-4: 0.875(0.143, 1.655)μg/L, 1.855(0.813, 2.723)μg/L; IFN-γ: 0.450(0.173, 1.163)μg/L, 1.160(0.483, 3.075)μg/L, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IFN- γ/IL-4, PSQI, HAMA 14 and HAMD 24 scores between MCI group and non-MCI group. IL-4 was positively correlated with the total score of MoCA( r=0.318, P<0.05), orientation( r=0.324, P<0.05)and delayed recall( r=0.368, P<0.01). The results of multivariate regression showed that IL-4 had significant effects on MCI in patients with chronic insomnia( B=2.161, OR=8.682, 95% CI=2.058~36.633, P=0.003). Conclusion:The cognitive function of chronic insomnia is closely related to serum IL-4 and IFN-γ, and serum IL-4 has a protective effect on cognition in chronic insomnia patients. Therefore, it can be speculated that cytokines may be an important pathophysiological link of cognitive change in chronic insomnia patients.

The effects of nicotine on bone calcium and phosphorus content and alkaline phosphatase activity in different part of rat / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the effects of nicotine on the bone calcium and phosphorus content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in rat alveolar bone and mandible.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty health male Wistar rats of five weeks of age were randomly assigned to two groups and received daily intraperitoneal injections for three months as follows: Saline solution for control group, nicotine 0.73 mg.kg-l.d-1 for experimental group. The bone calcium phosphorus content were detected by concentrated acid digestion method and the ALP activity was examined by improved Reddi method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the control group, bone calcium and phosphorus content was lower in the experimental group (P<0.05), ALP activity had no statistical significance(P>0.05). Bone calcium phosphorus and ALP activity in different parts had no statistical significance (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The nicotine reduces calcium phosphorus deposition of jaw bone, but has no obvious influence to ALP activity.</p>

Apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 in ciclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth of rats / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Ciclosporin (CsP) on apoptosis and expression of the associated protein Bcl-2, Caspase-3 in gingival epithelium of rats in order to approach the mechanism of CsP-induced gingival epithelium overgrowth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty SPF grade male 7-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, and each group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the duration of treatment (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The experimental objects were given fresh milk including CsP intragastrically and the control ones were given only fresh milk. After perfusion of 4% paraform for internal fixation, the specimens' bucco-lingual paraffin sections at lower first molar were made. Apoptosis was detected using TdT-mediated dUT nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 using immunohistochemisty of PV. The apoptotic index, positive cell rate of Caspase-3 and average gray scale of Bcl-2 was measured with an image analysis system. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance of factorial design.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The apoptosis index and positive cell rate of Caspase-3 were down-regulated in the experimental group, and were significant difference from the control group (P < 0.05). The average gray scale of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in the experimental group, and was significant difference from the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CsP-induced gingival epithelial overgrowth is likely to associated with interference to the path of mitochondrial apoptosis and inhibition apoptosis.</p>

Synergistic cytotoxic effects of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand combined with valid drugs on panreatic carcinoma / 国际外科学杂志

Since the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand was found as a suitable agent for anticancer therapies,study on tumor research has been attaching more importance to it.Utilized the progress on the study of TRAIL on pancreatic carcinoma aspect recent years and standed the principle in TRAIL inducing pancreatic carcinoma apoptosis,this article first simply reviewed the resistance theory of TRAIL on pancreatic carcinoma.Following the trail of identified resistance theory,carring the method of increasing TRAIL's sensibility with protein inhibition,signal regulation,ect,some new treatments have been received,which are described along with the antitumor effect of TRAIL combined with mature treatment in pancreatic carcinoma,and simply assessed at last in the article,to provide a reference on the synergistic cytotoxic effects of TRAIL combined with valid drugs on panreatic carcinoma.

Quantitative analysis the effect of Ciclosporin on gingival tissue modality of rats / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Quantitative analysis the regional specificity and time dependence of Ciclosporin (CsP) on gingival tissue modality of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty SPF grade male Wistar rats of 7 weeks old were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, and each group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the duration of treatment (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The experimental objects were given intragastric administration of fresh milk including CsP, and the control ones were given intragastric administration of fresh milk the same as the experimental objects. After giving perfusion 4% paraform trans-heart to internal fixation, the specimens were get and made bucco-lingual paraffin sections at lower first molar and made HE staining. The area of buccal and lingual gingival epithelial and connective tissue, the length of the longest rete pegs were measured with the image analysis system. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance of factorial design.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rats of the experimental group took place gingival overgrowth, and the rete pegs of gingival epithelium of attached gingiva approach muco-gingival junction were prolonged. The area of buccal and lingual gingival epithelium and connective tissue, the length of buccal longest rete pegs of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group rats (bucca P < 0.01, lingua 0.01 < P < 0.05). The length of lingual longest rete pegs of the experimental group were no difference than that of the control group rats. The area of buccal and lingual gingival epithelial, connective tissue, the length of longest rete pegs among experimental groups were no difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CsP may have the regional specificity on the rats' gingival epithelium of buccal attached gingiva approach muco-gingival junction, but the effect of CsP on the rats' gingiva was no time dependence.</p>

MORPHINE INCREASES THE BEATING RATE IN CULTURED RAT HEART CELLS / 中国药理学通报

At the concentrations of 10-8mol/L, 5.5?l0-8mol/L, 10-7mol/L morphine produced a dose-dependent increase of beating rate in cultured rat heart cells with 9%,32%and 81% respectively. The increase was antagonized by opiate antagonist naloxone ( 10-5mol/L ) , but not affected by propranolol ( 10-5mol/L ) which could cancel the positive chronotropy of isoprenaline ( 10-9mol/L ) on the beating cells. The results support the concept that morphine may be a direct effect on myocadium, perhaps through opiate receptors.

The effect of saponin isolated from stems and leaves of ginseng (SLG) on immunologic function in mice / 中国病理生理杂志

The effects of SLG on the immune function of normal and immune-suppressed mice were investigated. The results showed that SLG (50mg/kg, im) could correct the suppressive effect of cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone or prednisolone on spleen and. thymus weight, serum specific antibody level and lymphocyte transformation. SLG could also improve the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages and enhance peripheral blood ANAE+-lymphocyte ratio of mice. No obvious effect of SLG on the normal mice were observed except that it could increase the antibody level of normal mice. The results implicate that SLG may have some immunomodulatory effect.